Intramural Sports Essay -- Essays Papers

Intramural Sports Intramurals are an organization of sports teams created for students who seek the opportunity to play sports. Those who participate in intramurals range in age, ability, and gender. These sports teams allow students to play a sport they enjoy without committing to a varsity team. Intramurals are designed for everyone to have fun but still have a competitive edge. It is easy to beat back convoluted and learn about intramurals at the University of Dayton. There are many possible ways as a student at Dayton to get involved in intramurals. Involvement in intramurals gives the chance to not only play sports that are enjoyable, but also the opportunity to meet new people and burgeon forth a relationship with them. One way that many people get involved is through people they have met or already know. For example, someone you met the separate day, or a friend from high school could ask you to sign up for their team. Another popular way to get invol ved is through the fireside hall, and play on a team with the other people in your hall. After talking to people ...

Denver International Airport Conspiracy Essay -- Informative, Area 52

There is no doubt that an elaborate underground meanspirited exist below the capital of Colorado world-wide Airport. What actually is going on down below in this insensible however is a mystery. When taking a closer look at this airfield it is evident that something weird is going on. While the most extreme claim maintains that a massive underground ease exists below the airport where an alien race of reptilian humanoids feeds on missing children while awaiting the date of government-sponsored rapture (Maher 4). This extreme claim just shows what the human brain can conceive when coincidence and the unknown meet. The research is done, is there a conspiracy or is it just being blown divulge of proportion.The construction of Denver International Airport (DIA) has lead many theorists to nickname it Area 52. To get such an outlandish name would warrant some strange that dumbfound to be going on within the airport, and indeed there is. As Hayes points out Five large building s were fully constructed and subsequently deemed to have been positioned wrongly unusually, they were buried and the current airport constructed on top of the incorrect structures (Hayes 1). More often then non if a building was built incorrectly the declarer would simply knock it down and just start over instead of going through the hassle of burying it. Why in this case was this not done? All told, there is over 6 million square feet of public space at DIA. The airport brags that they have room to build some other terminal and two more concourses and could serve 100 million passengers a year. The airport flew 50.5 million in 2008 (Anomalies Unlimited 3). There is no need for that often room in any one airport especially when they are only flying half as many as th... ...r figure out what these paintings really stand for. In recent years they have been painted over and redone in certain areas, so something needs to be found beforehand there are no paintings left.Could t here really be aliens eating missing children or is the Nazis regime getting ready to return and making their base under Denver Airport. There is a base under DIA, but could the paintings of Leo Tanguma offer insight as to what is down in the vast buildings? numerous investigators have directly questioned airport officials in an attempt to dispel the myriad of rumours officials however have been reported to be evasive and secretive which has fuelled the conspiratorial fires (Hayes 1). nobody really knows what is going on at DIA, only guesses. So take that facts for what they are worth and decide what is happening at the mysterious Denver International Airport.

Acetaminophen :: essays research papers

acetaminophenIn the late 1800s it was discovered that papa-amino-phenol, could reduce fever, but the medicate was too cyanogenic to use. A less(prenominal) toxic extract called phenacetin was later found to be just as effective but also had pain-relieving properties. In 1949, it was learned that phenacetin was metabolized into an industrious but also less toxic drug, acetaminophen. Since then, acetaminophen has been sold under many over the counter brand names, most popular being Tylenol.Acetaminophen serves one basic purpose, to relieve pain. It is the main ingredient in pain killers that relieve headaches. It also substitutes anesthesia in circumcision surgery because anesthesia often cannot be used on infants. Dr. Michael Weitzman and 2 other doctors performed an experiment on an infant to test the effectiveness of the drug. The results were not identical, but there were increases in heart wander respiratory rate and crying. But the drug did more good as a pain reliever after the surgery than before the surgery. Acetaminophen is ingested by word of mouth and is rapidly and completely absorbed into the gastrointestinal tract. It works in about one hour. The liver detoxifies 90% of it by mixing it with sulfuric acid, and another 3-5% is catabolized by enzyme reactions to the acid. The metabolites are excreted in the urine. The dosage of the drug should be used according to the carton instructions. A 10 gram over dose in adults, one hundred forty mg for kids, can cause permanent liver damage. Also if you had just taken some other drugs , The acetaminophen may become more toxic since the drugs are catabolized in the liver. To protect yourself from injury, you should take 1 gram of vitamin C and Cysteine -a bodily antioxidant.The kidneys can be permanently damaged if you continuously take the drug over a long period of time. You can get all kinds of cancers such as heart, liver , kidney. 40 % increase There are no nutrient supplements known to protect agains t kidney damage, but some amino acids such as Taurine powder and lots of Vitamin E might help. Some commonwealth alternate the use of other OTC such as Aspirin, which also has other dangerous effects , but hopefully will reduce acetaminophen toxicity.

Direct Digital Democracy :: Technology Government Papers

Direct Digital Democracy The central question of this paper is whether or non the rise of the Internet and, in general, new communications technology alters the limits of the human capacity for self-government. My answer to this question is no. Advancements in communications technology, no issuance how significant or revolutionary they may at first seem, ultimately have no fundamental effect on mans erratum capacity to govern himself. The Internet, like the television, the telephone, and the transatlantic telegraph before that, all have one basic thing in common each is a tool and not a force of nature. Each must be comprehended, manipulated and applied by an individual, using his own rational faculty and according to his own devices. The technology itself although complex is fundamentally no different than the spear, the wheel, the stirrup, the combustible engine, or the space shuttle. Technology does not change mans fundamental nature, unless it does affect h ow well he lives, what he does, where he goes, and how quickly he can get there. Will the Internet alter the American political ashes? Indeed it give, and to a large extent already has, by facilitating the work of current government officials and representatives within our present system of representative democracy. But will the Internet revolution drive the American system of government toward direct digital democracy a third transformation as significant as the transformation from Athenian direct democracy to American representative democracy? Most empirical evidence suggests it will not. Normatively speaking, political scientists ought to retain James capital of Wisconsins view that the purpose of government is to prevent tyranny of the majority and to constrain evil. Therefore, modern-day politicians should openly oppose measures that seek to alter our existing institutions in an effort to make them more conducive to direct democracy, whether digital or not. This Madisonian view of government is neither the sole standard of government in contemporary American society, nor is it the frontrunner among competing political ideologies. I would argue that the mythology of liberalism or populism is accepted as just and revered by most average Americans. In the 2002 Presidential Election, George W. scouring defeated Al Gore in the Electoral College vote, thus winning the presidency, but lost the overall popular American vote by a significant margin.

Jazz historiography Essay -- American Culture, Music

The rapid development of get laid in both the United States and Europe generated a number of respective(a) musical expressions, including musics that most listeners today would not recognize as jazz music. In order to remedy this situation, jazz musicians and critics after 1930 began to codify what real jazz encompassed, and more importantly, what real jazz did not encompass. This construction of authenticity, often demarcated along racial lines, served to relegate several artists and styles (those outside a mainstream to the margins of historiography. The issue of race is interchange to all discourses of jazz. Alongside race goes the problem of authority, or, who gets to play what for whom and under what circumstance. Problems of representation abound from the beginning of jazz history, usually centered on innocence representation of black music and culture from a negative vantage point. Iconic examples of this phenomenon include the 1917 release of Livery Stable Blues by t he Original southward Jazz Band and Paul Whitemans 1924 Aeolian Hall concert. The ODJBs recording was the first jazz record and the first representation of jazz to the volume of Americans, both black and white. Whitemans concert was invested in representing jazz to white Americans, showing how it had progressed from its primitive black beginnings to a more sophisticated style grow in the fundamentals of European practice. Indeed, ideas of creation and control in jazz have usually been drawn along racial lines black as creator, white as curator. In this mode of racial understanding in jazz, white jazz fans and musicians supposedly lack an essential something that makes them unable to innovate in jazz. Conversely, black musicians, while highly c... ... of which modern jazz big band dance music (for example, the Fletcher Henderson, Duke Ellington and Count Basie Orchestras), bebop, and later Free Jazz- emerged. Modern jazz, and particularly bebop, because of its hybrid disp osition has presented cultural critics, and especially critics of music, with a set of unresolvable issues. The music itself embodies contradiction. It can accurately be called both popular and high culture it has an oral, vernacular railway line and one related to more innovative compositional techniques it is Afro-American and European, romantic and revolutionary and it has both escapist (ie, Sun Ra and late-era John Coltrane) and resistant (ie. Archie Shepp, Ornette Coleman) tendencies. As a result, jazz has become one of the most highly discusses and debated modern musical forms with controversial discourse surrounding its development.

19th Century London in A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Essay

19th Century capital of the United Kingdom in A Christmas warble by Charles DickensA condemnation for finding yourself a year older, and non an hour richerthis is a good example that represents Scrooges overall attitude toChristmas and those who celebrate it.The exchange character of a Christmas chirrup is Ebenezer Scrooge a military manportrayed by Dickens as a miser who cares little for others aroundhim, a man whose l whizzsome(prenominal) interest in flavour- epoch is money that can be made fromexploiting other wad.The fresh is set in Victorian capital of the United Kingdom in the 19th atomic number 6, a Londonthat is very different to the London we know today there was no offbeat state, National Health Service or environmental laws. Real pauperism existed and those that had no money either starved or ended upin the workhouses, debt prisons or turned to crime.It is interesting that the novel is set during Christmas, a time thatis traditionally for giving, a time to be spent with the family, and atime for reflection. Scrooge at the beginning of the novel does nonappreciate this, and calls everything Humbug, and it is only throughhis visits with the ghosts that he realizes that pleasure can be foundfrom giving as well as receiving.The picture that is particolored by Dickens of life and the conditions inwhich people lived is very depressing by todays standards The wayswere foul and narrow the shops and houses wretched the people halfnaked, drunken, slipshod, ugly. Alleys and archways, like so manycesspools, disgorged their offences of smell, and dirt, and life, uponthe straggling streets and the whole quarter reeked with crime, withfilth, and misery.Throughout the novel Dickens focuses on many different aspects andissues about life in 19th century London. He o... ... a year older, and not an hour richer and he does notbelieve in giving or sustenance any charities and he does not believein goodwill. This is suggested in many different things Scro oge saysin the novel. God bless you, merry gentlemen, Scrooge seized the formula with such energy of action, that the vocalist fled in terror.This was said by Scrooge when he was visited by the carol singers, itshows how much anger and hate Scrooge has towards Christmas and thosewho noteworthy it.In conclusion, the image that one is left with from Dickens is a verydepressing one, one of dark, smelly, and polluted streets. Images ofpoverty and hardship, and a society that cared little for the welfareof others, where if you had money you could live comfortably, tho ifyou did not life was very tough. It is not a place where, I feel,anyone today would like to live. 19th Century London in A Christmas Carol by Charles Dickens Essay19th Century London in A Christmas Carol by Charles DickensA time for finding yourself a year older, and not an hour richerthis is a good example that represents Scrooges overall attitude toChristmas and those who celebrate it.The central chara cter of a Christmas Carol is Ebenezer Scrooge a manportrayed by Dickens as a miser who cares little for others aroundhim, a man whose only interest in life is money that can be made fromexploiting other people.The novel is set in Victorian London in the 19th century, a Londonthat is very different to the London we know today there was nowelfare state, National Health Service or environmental laws. Realpoverty existed and those that had no money either starved or ended upin the workhouses, debt prisons or turned to crime.It is interesting that the novel is set during Christmas, a time thatis traditionally for giving, a time to be spent with the family, and atime for reflection. Scrooge at the beginning of the novel does notappreciate this, and calls everything Humbug, and it is only throughhis visits with the ghosts that he realizes that pleasure can be foundfrom giving as well as receiving.The picture that is painted by Dickens of life and the conditions inwhich people lived is very depressing by todays standards The wayswere foul and narrow the shops and houses wretched the people halfnaked, drunken, slipshod, ugly. Alleys and archways, like so manycesspools, disgorged their offences of smell, and dirt, and life, uponthe straggling streets and the whole quarter reeked with crime, withfilth, and misery.Throughout the novel Dickens focuses on many different aspects andissues about life in 19th century London. He o... ... a year older, and not an hour richer and he does notbelieve in giving or supporting any charities and he does not believein goodwill. This is suggested in many different things Scrooge saysin the novel. God bless you, merry gentlemen, Scrooge seized theruler with such energy of action, that the singer fled in terror.This was said by Scrooge when he was visited by the carol singers, itshows how much anger and hate Scrooge has towards Christmas and thosewho celebrated it.In conclusion, the image that one is left with from Dickens is a verydepres sing one, one of dark, smelly, and polluted streets. Images ofpoverty and hardship, and a society that cared little for the welfareof others, where if you had money you could live comfortably, but ifyou did not life was very tough. It is not a place where, I feel,anyone today would like to live.

Information about current influences on planning Essay

1. Every child matter yields think and provision of learning opportunities The subject field Curriculum is the set-backing point for readiness a school curriculum that meets the specific needs of individuals and groups of pupils. This statutory inclusion statement on providing effective learning opportunities for all pupils outlines how teachers can modify, as necessary, the National Curriculum programmes of study to provide all pupils with relevant and appropriately challenging work at each key stage. Child care act 2006 influences preparation and provision of learning opportunities this act states that other(a) years providers have a duty to implement the EYFS. We do this by meeting the learning and development requirements when doing our periodic planning and we also comply with the welfare requirements. Child care act does this to interpret that it is very important to follow rules and regulations to ensure that the children are at the ripe stages of development in life . SEN code of practice 2002 influences planning and provision of learning opportunities areas covered include the definition of special learningal needs, parental responsibility and functional partnership with parents.The code also looks at involving pupils in sagacity and decision- reservation provision in the Early Years primary and secondary education statutory assessment of children under compulsory school age and the role of the special educational needs coordinator. (2013) Special Educational Needs Code of Practice. The SEN code do this to ensure that disability children do not miss out on key learning development and also to make sure that they do not march sensation left out or intimidated. Equality act 2010 influences planning and provision of learning opportunities this act makes sure that no one gets treated differently to anybody else this helps planning and provision because it makes sure that staff have to make sure that when they plan a activity or a lesson plan its got to be adequate to involve everyone and make sure that it suits all individual needs. Objectives must be appropriate, focusing on the most pressing equalitygaps.2. Inspectors found that where assessment was develop it tended to focus more on childrens welfare or their interests, kinda than their learning. Self-evaluation and action-planning was too often seen by childcare providers as something that had to be done for Ofsted rather than a means of improving outcome for children. However, outcomes for children were no better than satisfactory in any of the providers where self-evaluation was inadequate (2011) Press release A good start for the Early Years Foundation Stage. Ofsted make sure that it is seen to be important to plan different types of learning opportunities for the children as this helps to develop the childrens skills in a variety of way. For example ofsted inspect schools by sitting in on different subjects and different teachers lessons, they do this to mak e sure that everyone is doing it as correctly as they aspect to see.3. The curriculum frameworks like the EYFS influence planning and provision of learning opportunities. The term curriculum is used to describe everything children do, see, hear or feel in their setting, both planned and unplanned. The Early Years Foundation Stage is the statutory framework against which providers of early education are judged, and includes requirements for the provision of green childrens learning and development, and welfare. The report focuses particularly on two areas of learning personal, social and emotional development and communication, language and literacy skills.4. Learning through landscapes supports families in the early years by showing children the outdoors and learning them new activities such as gardening and discovering nature with their own opinions and physically learning by touch and seeing things from their point of view. I believe the work of Learning through Landscapes is nee ded even more than ever. I hopeyou will share our estrus for giving children opportunities for discovery and learning that will illuminate their entire lives. Attenborough.D (2005) Learning through Landscapes. EPPSE (3-14) supports families in the early years by making sure those children do get assessed at the age of 3 before they go to pre-school and then the child will be monitored until they do enter school. This helps by knowing what the child abilities are being noticed and noted. More than 3,000 children were assessed at the start of pre-school around the age of 3 and their development was monitored until they entered school around the age of 5.Leading education and social research (Updated 2013) Effective Pre-School, Primary & Secondary Education (EPPSE). Primary and Secondary Education 3-14 (EPPSE 3-14 project) a major longitudinal study investigating the influence of pre-school, primary and secondary school on childrens cognitive and social/behavioural development in Eng land. The transitions sub-study of more than 500 children and families sheds light on topical transition practices and highlights what helps and hinders a successful transition. Evangelou.M (2008) Effective Pre-school, Primary and Secondary Education 3-14 Project (EPPSE 3-14). Neighbourhood nurseries support families in the early years by making sure that families can get to close nursery without struggling and panicking that they cannot reach a nursery which prevents the child even going into nursery. The Neighbourhood Nurseries Initiative (NNI) aims to expound childcare provision in the 20% most disadvantaged areas of England by creating 45,000 new day-care places for children aged nought to five.

Romanticism – Samual Taylor Coleridge & Joseph Turner

In a reaction to the rational, conformist conventions of the Augustans, writers and artists of the Romantic era advocated the transcendence of rationality through a proud and imaginative connection with the natural universe of discourse. This emancipation from traditional social and moral restraints informed their literary, artistic and philosophical pursuits. It was these qualities that marked the movement as unique in the history of European intellectual discourse. Romanticism derived largely from the transcendental idealism of Emmanuel Kant, which proposed that things exist outside the intellect that we simply female genital organnot comprehend through pure reason. trine Romantic texts Samual Taylor Coleridges poems This Lime Tree Bower My Prison and Kubla Khan and Joseph food turners house painting Snowstorm steamboat off a harbours mouth reveal how the human imaginative appreciation of the natural man is able to transcend physical limitations as well as the restrictions o f technology and logic. Coleridge, in particular, was a true proponent of the Romantic tradition. He described the union of reason and feeling as intellectual intuition and saw imagination as the ultimate synthesising faculty, enabling humans to reconcile differences and opposites in a world of appearances. His poem This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison clearly exemplifies the fountain of the imagination, combined with the redeeming and regenerative power of nature, which enables him to overcome the isolation of egotism. The intimate, person-to-person nature of this conversation poem engages the reader as they are transported with the poet to new locations and perhaps themselves shifted. Coleridge presents an idealised view of pastoral England with vividness, intensity and delicacy, thereby stimulating the senses and the mind.Colours used to evoke mood and imagery, blue in the midst of two Isles Of purple shadow is integral throughout. His vision is visceral, bringing enlightenment a nd contentment to the poet and the reader. The poet also controls light intensity to great effect binary opposites glint his thought process, as in pale beneath the blaze. He contrasts dark and light, pale and radiant, shadow and sunshine throughout. His thoughts also move from the finite dell, overwooded, condense deep of the first stanza to the infinite wide, wide heaven of the following stanzas.Antithetical concepts of freedom with restriction, absence with presence and the imagined with the real create a systolic and diastolic rhythm that merges Coleridges mental beliefs with his imaginative experience, aligning with what Kant describes as the individuals subjective reality. The structure of the poem is cyclic, with emphasis on pain sooner pleasance, with well, they are gone, and here I must remain before the later stanza that begins with A delight comes sudden in my heart, and I am glad as myself were there. The poet ceases feeling isolated and communes with nature, imagini ng that he is with his friends, before ending by referring to the lime-tree bower beneath which he sits, and to his friend, the gentle-hearted Charles, once again. The illumination of natures power and its ability to transform can also be seen in another of Coleridges poems Kubla Khan. The first stanza, garnish inside the walls of Kubla Khans pleasure dome in Xanadu, contrasts with the second stanza which takes the reader outside those confines, reflecting the same systolic and diastolic thoughts that are evident in This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison.As Xanadu is a synonym for paradise or utopia, the poem can be considered a reflection on Coleridges perception of heaven, linking to the pantheistic belief that God is found in nature. The sacred river Alph running through this paradise represents in the realm of a poets imagination a holy and divine place. The caverns measureless to man reflect the endless creations that can emanate from such a powerful imagination. The walls and towers that encircle the fertile ground and the enfolding of greenery speak of the poets energy in trying to capture and hold onto natures power and beauty.The intensity of the world outside the tamed garden highlights the power of the natural world in contrast to the ultimate fragility of man-made structures. The dome of pleasure built by Kubla Khan may be taken to represent the man-made and may perhaps be a comment, on a wider scale, to the industrial Revolution. Coleridge juxtaposes this with an image of the natural flow of the river to sea, showing his greater appreciation for the creative force of nature. Joseph Turners painting Snowstorm steamboat off a harbours mouth making signals in shallow water, and going by the lead also contrasts the natural world and the man made.Like the eruption of the natural world in Kubla Khan, this painting illustrates an original phenomenon of nature a snowstorm at sea. The Neo-Classicists believed that technology would triumph over nature. Turners p ainting, however, depicts the awesome power of nature, and its sublime beauty, as it overpowers technology. The steamboat, representing the latest technology of the time, is a symbolic representation for the Industrial Revolution, which was in full swing by this point.The experience of being caught in a storm on board the steamboat, provided Turner with the conception for his painting. Turner claimed that he had the ships sailors strap him to the mast, so as to capture the true atmospheric conditions of the blusht. I wished to show what such a scene was like Turner wrote. I got the sailors to have words me to the mast to observe it the storm I was lashed for hours The sleet, the bitterly cold, roaring winds and the surging waves throwing up sea spray were the atmospheric conditions Turner needed to feel.This personal experience of such a sublime moment in nature enabled him to record, through his painting, the feelings and emotions of an individuals experience of the storm. While Turners original idea for the painting emanated from actual experience, its execution derives from complex imaginative truths. The painting has a very clear relief like surface and the texture is picturesque, as the brush strokes are very evident. Turner wanted to be forward-looking and to challenge tradition, to produce works that depict a sublime atmosphere and spirit.The painting is an emancipatory expression through its intensity of hue, which renders the image of the boat barely recognisable, thence challenging Neo-Classical mechanistic properties of sharp colours and realism. All three texts the Turner painting and the two Coleridge poems depict the sublime beauty of nature and its ability to transform a negative human mind-frame and to transcend the man-made products of the Industrial Revolution. While the ways in which each of the individual texts show this differs, they each allow the responder to appreciate the same ideas.Coleridge provides two different perspectives in his poems This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison and Kubla Khan. The first is an entirely first-person perspective, typical of his conversational poems, enabling the reader to become involved on a personal level. Kubla Khan is mainly narrated from a third-person perspective, giving it a grander story-like feel. Like This Lime-Tree Bower My Prison Joseph Turners Snowstorm steamboat off a harbours mouth represents a personal appreciation of an extreme natural event.The event is shown to be as violent as it is beautiful and the form enables the viewer to visually appreciate it and connect with it on a transcendental level. It clearly illustrates the power of the natural over the unnatural. As Northrop Frye has argued, Romanticism has brought into modern consciousness the feeling that society can develop or progress only by individualising itself, by being sufficiently tolerant and flexible to allow an individual to find his own identity within it, even though in doing so he comes to repudia te most of the conventional values of society.

Former Smokers And Non Smokers Health And Social Care Essay

Smoking cessation or baccy plant surcease can be defined as wide scope of enterprises that assist genuine baccy plant users to decrease their flowerpot wont ( Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, 2001 ) . However, in another context, take in surcease is defined as assortment types of aid and intervention that can be offered by health practicians including doctor and druggist straight to baccy users in run to help them to discontinue or cut bug out ingest ( Campaign for Tobacco-Free Kids, 2001 ) . In Malaysia, in that respect are a broad scope of grass surcease aid provided such(prenominal) as pharmacotherapy like Nicotine Replacement Therapy ( NRT ) and bupropion, release smoke clinic in which closely 300 quit clinics can be useable slightly in either territory in Malaysia, infoline, quitline and educational stuff such as posting, booklet and brochure ( Samsudin et al. , 2008 ) . Many smoking surcease programmes, schemes and runs were conducted in this republic in o rder to increase people knowledge on bad professs of smoke and to inform them assorted sorts of support available to assist them cut down smoking wellness hazards and to halt smoke. However, to guarantee effectivity, we have to supervise their comprehension whether they are better advised and understand or non. just about people whitethorn hold incorrect information on this. Some may hold the learning, but they do non transform it into belief. Some did non have information on this. Therefore, this could be a barrier for them to discontinue smoke or to cut down smoking wellness hazards.Although there are many smoking surcease schemes and programmes held in this state, there are still a batch of people that have information missing sing the bad hazards of smoke and smoke surcease available in Malaysia. However, there are some people that think that they have adequately informed some smoke, but many of them, re all in ally have a incorrect information or misperception on this. F or illustration, some baccy users have misperception that nicotine is the primary cause of tobacco-related wellness job. As a effect, this misperception on nicotine may do them to cowardly in sing the use of nicotine replacing therapy in discontinuing smoke.1.2 AimsThe head teacher aims of this research are to image the differences in the grade of intelligence between current tobacco users, former tobacco users and non-smokers in Universiti Teknologi Mara ( UiTM ) Puncak Alam and Shah Alam on smoking wellness hazard and smoking surcease aid available in Malaysia, to find the relationship among demographic and smoke authority variables and the different cognition indices and to find the relationship among different ground level of aimence of current tobacco users and the different cognition indices.1.3 SignificanceThe consequence of this mint volition help the effectiveness attack of the current smoke surcease schemes and programmes held by authorities and non-government es tablishment to increase cognition and to deliver more than information on the jeopar conks of smoke and smoke surcease aid available in Malaysia.1.4 HypothesisThere are significance differences in the degree of cognition on smoking wellness hazards and smoking surcease between current tobacco users, former tobacco users and non tobacco users and too between different demographics, smoking position and degree of dependence of current tobacco users. Former tobacco users and current tobacco users that believe will halt smoke following twelvemonth, that of all fourth dimension use any of the smoke surcease aid and that have low degree of nicotine dependence will be more intimate on the wellness hazards of smoke and smoke surcease aid provided in Malaysia.Chapter TWOLITERATURE REVIEW2.1 Prevalence of smokePresently, approximately 1.3 billion people smoke and more than five million people die globally as a consequence of smoke every twelvemonth ( Jilan et al. , 2010 ) . In the bulk of high-income states, there is a important decrease in baccy ingestion ( affection control condition Division, 2003 ) . For illustration, the prevalence of smoke among Americans in the United States of America had reduced from 40 per centum in 1964 to 23 per centum in 1997 ( Disease go over Division, 2003 ) . However, in developing states including Malaysia, there is contrast prevalence with high-income states in which there is an addition in baccy ingestion ( Disease guard Division, 2003 ) . In Malaysia, there is an addition in the prevalence of smoke among grownups aged 15 old ages and above from 21 per centum in 1985 to 31 per centum in 2000 ( Disease check out Division, 2003 ) . received tobacco users constitute five per centum of all grownup females and 49 per centum of all grownup males ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . As the population grows, the prevalence of tobacco users will go on to increase ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . In Malaysia, there are slightl y five million tobacco users in which each of them is utilizing an norm of 14 position nails daily ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . From this prevalence, 90 per centum comprise of male ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) .Whereas, the prevalence of smoke among adults age 18 and above in Malaysia that is obtained from three National Health and Morbidity studies which have been conducted since 1986 were more than 20 per centum, 21.5 per centum in 1986, 24.8 per centum in 1996 and 22.8 per centum in 2006 ( Lim et al.,2009 ) . In China, there are more than 70 per centum of all Chinese, or more than 600 million Chinese people are often exposed to secondhand dope or inactive fume ( Jilan et al. , 2010 ) .2.2 Chemicals Contained in CigaretteCigarettes are the simply marketed consumable merchandise in which when it is used as intended, it may take to the decease of half or more of its users ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Harmonizing to Corelli & A Hudmon ( 2009 ) , lay nails are ca refully engineered preparations that optimize the nicotine take awaying, in which nicotine is a chemical that meets the feature for an habit-forming substance. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are identified to show in big sums in baccy fume and are accountable for most drug interactions with smoke ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Other substances in baccy fume such as pyridines, benzine, propan champion, nicotine, heavy metals and C monoxide might look to hold slight(prenominal) important effects to interact with hepatic enzymes ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) .2.3 PathophysiologyTobacco smoke is accountable for about 80 per centum of lung malignant neoplastic disease instances ( Wells et al. , 2009 ) . Exposure to environmental baccy fume is the most common etiology that can take to inveterate Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ( Wells et al. , 2009 ) . Inhalation of disadvantageous atoms and gases into the human organic structure may trip the activation of macrophages, neutrophils and CD8+ lymph cells ( Wells et al. , 2009 ) . As a consequence of this activation, a assortment of chemical go-betweens such as leukotriene B4, tumour mortification factor-I and interleukin-8 are released and eventually, lead to widespread destructive changes in the air passages, lung parenchyma and also pneumonic vasculature ( Wells et al. , 2009 ) . In add-on, oxidant gases and other substances in the set nail fume are believed to excite a hypercoaguble province identified by elevated thrombocyte collection and thrombosis, taking to elevated hazard of myocardial infarction and fast decease ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Whereas, the C monoxide in contained in coffin nail fume decreases the measure of O available to weave and organ including myocardial tissue, therefore diminishing the threshold of ventricular fibrillation ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . It could to a fault sight coronary thrombosis artery disease through its effects on serum lipoids, as a consequence, tobacco users have a inclination toward higher degrees of full(a) cholesterin, triglycerides, LDL-C and lower HDL-C compared to nonsmokers ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . The increased degrees of inflammatory go-betweens caused by smoke may besides lend to atherosclerosis ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Whereas, the initiation of neurotransmitters release including adrenaline and noradrenaline caused by smoke may heighten myocardial work load and trigger coronary vasoconstriction that can take to arrhythmias, ischaemia and sudden decease ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) .Addiction of nicotine is one signifier of chronic encephalon unwellness that consequences from alterations in encephalon chemical science ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . The rapid soaking up of nicotine contained in baccy merchandises and their transition across the blood-brain barrier contributes to its habit-forming nature ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Nicotine can make the encephalon merely within seconds by inspiration of coffin nail fume ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . After macrocosm absorbed, nicotine stimulates a widespread of cardinal nauseating system, cardiovascular and metabolic effects and induces several neurotransmitters release such as Dopastat, hence stimulates the immediate feelings of pleasance, together with alleviation of the nicotine backdown symptoms ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . The celerity of this dose response reinforces repeated drug disposal and perpetuates the smoke behavior ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Chronic nicotine disposal has been proven to ensue in a higher sum of nicotine receptors in specific compartment in the encephalon and this is believed to qualify upregulation in response to nicotine-mediated desensitisation of the receptors and it play a undertaking in tolerance and dependance of nicotine ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) .Unusually, the tobacco user experiences marked pharmacologic effects, particularly arousal, later smoking the early coffin nail of the twenty-four hours ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . There are no other coffin nails throughout the twenty-four hours that will bring forth the similar grade of rousing ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Because of this, many tobacco users express the first coffin nail as the most important one of the twenty-four hours ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) .2.4 Hazards and Effectss of Smoking on HealthIn Malaysia, smoke is responsible for one out of every five deceases that occur in this state ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . Consistent and convincing grounds associating the usage of baccy with several of serious cardiovascular, neoplastic and pneumonic diseases has been provided by many cohort surveies, case-control surveies, and other informations beginnings ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . Smoke is re acknowledged to rush the coronary artery disease procedure, which will contributes to the chronic cardiovascular disease such as congestive bosom failure, coronary bosom disease, aortal aneurism, and cerebrovascular disease ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . By smoking, it may besides increases the hazard for developing acute cardiovascular events such as shot, sudden decease and myocardial infarction ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . In United States, lung malignant neoplastic disease is the taking cause of cancer-related mortality for both sexes ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . put-upon smoke or inactive fume exposure may besides lend to several diseases among nonsmoking kids and grownups ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) .Pregnant adult females are besides unguarded to smoking wellness hazard. Exposure to nicotine contained in the coffin nail fume can take to increase of ectopic gestation, low birth weight, increased hazard of self-generated abortion, and sweetening in perinatal mortality, aortal blood flow and bosom rate and decreased uterine blood flow and external ventilating system have been reported in the foetus ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . Prenatal smoke is r esponsible for about 18 per centum of instances of low birth weight and moreover, it can besides heighten hazard of respiratory distress syndrome, premature bringing and sudden baby decease syndrome ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . The most strongly documented contrary consequence of smoking during gestation is intrauterine growing deceleration ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) .In patients with lung, caput and cervix malignant neoplastic disease, which are successfully treated, but continue to smoke, hold a higher hazard for 2nd malignant neoplastic disease ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) .2.5 Smoking surcease aids and treatmentIn order to diminish mortality and morbidity associated with tobacco-related diseases, smoking surcease intercession is an of import component of an overall baccy control plan ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . Harmonizing to Disease Control Division ( 2003 ) , there are two classs of clinical intercession for individual that willing to discontin ue smoke which are brief clinical intercession and intensifier clinical intercession. The first one, which is brief intercession can be subdivided into pharmacological, non-pharmacological or combination of several agents ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . For non-pharmacological intercession, it consists of five reckon stairss which are called the 5A s which are ask, advice, buttocks, aid and arrange ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . For pharmacological intercession, it consists of several agents that have been proved to be reasoned and have been suggested as first line agents for pharmacotherapy including nicotine replacing therapy ( NRT ) such as nicotine gum, nicotine spot and nicotine inhalator and besides sustained release ( SR ) bupropion ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . In intensive clinical intercessions, the continuance of single intervention Sessionss and the sum of intervention Sessionss are increasing and there are specialised behavioural therapies ( Dise ase Control Division, 2003 ) . The behavioral therapy can be categorized into practical guidance such as stress direction, intra-treatment and extra-treatment societal support ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . It is said that this type of intercession is more efficient than brief intercession ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) .For kids and striplings, it is shown that reding and behavioral therapies are more effectual and recommended for them ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) . Whereas, for grownups ages 50 and older, reding intercessions, physician advice, scream guidance and the nicotine spot are shown to be effectual ( Disease Control Division, 2003 ) .Many tobacco users are sing a trouble in discontinuing smoke due to the presence of nicotine backdown symptoms following disconnected surcease of baccy usage ( Bansal et al. , 2004 ) . Nicotine replacing medicines including nicotine spot, inhalator, lozenges, gum, and nasal spray have been shown to relieve backdown symptoms d uring first phases of smoking surcease and they improves discontinuing rates in clinical tests ( Bansal et al. , 2004 ) .The short-run use of nicotine that contained in the nicotine replacing therapy presents really little hazards compared with possible jeopardies of continued smoke, even in individuals with bosom disease ( Mooney, Leventhal & A Hatsukami, 2006 ) . Therefore, tobacco users should non worry to utilize the nicotine replacing therapy to discontinue smoke. However, for pregnant adult females, the usage of nicotine replacing medicines to help them in quit smoke has non been sufficiently studied ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . Therefore, nonpharmacologic interventions are more recommended for them in quit smoke ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) .2.5.1 Mechanism of Action of Nicotine Replacement MerchandisesBasically, nicotine is a naturally-occuring alkaloid that exhibits their major(ip) effects through stimulation of ganglia ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . It is a powerful stimulation of gangli onic and cardinal nervous system through nicotine-specific receptors ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . Biphasic actions are observed depend on the dosage of nicotine administered ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . In little doses of nicotine, the primary consequence of nicotine is stimulation of all autonomic ganglia, whereas, in larger doses of nicotine, initial stimulation is followed by transmittal encirclement ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . Biphasic effects are besides proved in the adrenal myelin, in which in little doses, it may do a catecholamines release, and oppositely in big doses, it may suppress the release of catecholamines as a response to splanchnic nervus stimulation ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) . Central nervous system stimulation is illustrated by shudders and respiratory excitement, but in larger doses, paroxysms and respiratory failure may happen which are secondary to cardinal paralyse and peripheral encirclement to respiratory musculuss ( Lacy et al. , 2010 ) .Nicotine Replacement Products enhances success for smoking surcease by diminishing the physical backdown symptoms related with smoking surcease while the tobacco users focuses on seting their behaviour and managing with the psychological facet of discontinuing ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) . Furthermore, because the oncoming of action for this medicines is non every bit fast as that of nicotine contained in coffin nail, smokers become less accustomed to the blink of an eye and reenforcing effects of inhaled baccy ( Corelli & A Hudmon, 2009 ) .2.6 People s cognition on smoking wellness hazardsHarmonizing to Disease Control Division ( 2003 ) , one of the grounds for a individual unwilling to do a quit effort is because of information missing sing the harmful effects of baccy. Whereas, the comparative deficiency of attempt to better Tell and educate tobacco users sing the merchandises that they use is partially the consequence of common premise that tobacco users are already better informed about the smoke wellnes s hazard ( e. e. cummings et al. , 2004 ) . It does non intend that people are adequately informed about smoke in manner that may impact their smoke behaviour if they merely have general consciousness of smoking wellness hazard ( Cummings et al. , 2004 ) . Even though sweetening in perceptual experience of hazard are non invariably adequate to diminish smoking on their ain, betterment in wellness cognition are greatly related with decreases in smoking induction, sweetening in discontinuing behaviour and long-run abstention from smoking ( Jilan et al. , 2010 ) . However, harmonizing to Poureslami ( 2003 ) , being knowing about smoking s bad consequence on wellness is deficient to advance behavior alterations. His survey shown that belief and alteration in military posture are needed to optimise behaviour and to promote healthy life style ( Poureslami, 2003 ) .In the survey of Wang & A Annette ( as cited in Jilan et al. , 2010 ) , they conducted a survey among industrial workers in Shanghai and revealed that merely 53 per centum of tobacco users and 76 per centum of non-smokers were recognize that smoke can be harmful to wellness, and merely 51 per centum of tobacco users reported that smoke can take to lung malignant neoplastic disease.In the survey of Taylor et Al. ( as cited in Lim et al. , 2009 ) , they represent that tobacco users particularly heavy tobacco users have a positive attitude toward smoking when compared to formers and non tobacco users.In a survey conducted by Lim et Al. ( 2009 ) , they had conducted a survey to happen out the degree of cognition and to understand respondents attitude towards smoke and besides to happen out how sociodemographic background, smoking position and smoke wellness hazard can impact respondents attitudes toward smoking. From their survey, they found that cognition and attitude differ based on position of smoke and tobacco users possess a low degree of cognition and they have more positive attitudes compared with non-smokers ( Lim et al. , 2009 ) . Besides that, they were besides found that degree of instruction was greatly associated with cognition and attitude tonss ( Lim et al. , 2009 ) . The most surprising informations found was female respondents whose cognition s degree on jeopardies of smoke is low nevertheless, they show more negative attitudes towards smoking in comparing with males respondents ( Lim et al. , 2009 ) .In the survey conducted by Cummings et Al. ( 2004 ) , they were evaluated on the tobacco users belief on smoking wellness hazard and the advantages of smoke filtered and low-tar coffin nails, and besides tobacco user s consciousness and involvement in seeking alleged reduced hazard baccy merchandises and nicotine medicines. They stated that when they asked the respondent whether they consider themselves to be better informed sing the smoke wellness hazard, 94 per centum of them answered it confidently ( Cummings et al. , 2004 ) . However, from the cognition indices in which each respondent was assessed their degree of cognition by giving a mark for the adjust responses, 39 per centum of them both answered falsely or responded make non cognize to the inquiries sing smoking wellness hazard ( Cummings et al. , 2004 ) . These consequence shows that some of the respondents think they are better informed but really, there is much information that they did non cognize sing the smoke wellness hazard. Besides that, the writers besides found that tobacco users who believed they will discontinue smoke in the following twelvemonth were more knowing about smoke, whereas tobacco users who believed that they will discontinue smoke before sing serious wellness jobs were less knowing about smoke ( Cummings et al. , 2004 ) .In the survey conducted by Jilan et Al. ( 2010 ) , in which the writers where assessed fluctuations between the wellness cognition of current, former and neer tobacco users on smoke and the consequence of wellness cognition consciousness on tobacco users purpose to halt smoke, they found that current tobacco users in China were less likely to admit the wellness consequence of smoke compared to former and non tobacco users. They besides found that current tobacco users who had consciousness of wellness consequence of smoking were more prone to hold purpose to halt smoke ( Jilan et al. , 2010 ) .2.7 People s cognition of smoking surcease aidsSome of the tobacco users have a indecision sing the effectivity of nicotine replacing therapy and they believe that discontinuing on their ain, without aids such as guidance and medicine, is every bit or much more effectual than assisted surcease ( Mooney, Leventhal & A Hatsukami, 2006 ) . They have misinformation and deficiency of information sing the smoke surcease assistances particularly approximately nicotine replacing therapy. Besides that, some of tobacco users have misperception that nicotine is a primary cause of tobacco-related wellness job ( Mooney, Leventhal & A Hatsukami, 2006 ) . Therefore, this lead to a uncertainty among tobacco users to utilize nicotine replacing therapy to assist them in smoking surcease. Harmonizing to Bansal et Al. ( 2004 ) , they besides stated that misperceptions on the nicotine s wellness hazard and safety and effectivity of nicotine replacing therapy may do some tobacco users afraid and concerns to sing the usage of these medicines to help them in smoking surcease.Harmonizing to Bansal et Al. ( 2004 ) , in order to increase cognition sing on safety and efficacy of nicotine medicines, loath tobacco users should be offered a opportunity to seek nicotine medicines on a test footing, in which finally enhance usage of these medicines for smoking surcease. Unfortunately, the writers stated that cognition of nicotine wellness hazard and how the medicines work, even among those who had antecedently used nicotine medicines, was still deficient ( Bansal et al. , 2004 ) .Harmonizing to the survey by Cummings et Al. ( 2004 ) , 56 per centum of respondents either answered falsely or responded make non cognize sing the cognition on nicotine medicines. The writers besides revealed that a individual with past experience of utilizing nicotine medicines prone to be more knowing sing the safety and efficaciousness of these merchandises ( Cummings et al. , 2004 ) .Harmonizing to the survey by Mooney, Leventhal & A Hatsukami ( 2006 ) , tobacco users with more terrible dependance which perceived larger demand for intervention of smoking surcease so far had lower accurate cognition sing the disease-causing function of nicotine. The survey besides found that participants who had stop smoke antecedently for a longer continuance of coiffure had a more favourable position of smoking surcease intervention and nicotine replacing therapy ( Mooney, Leventhal & A Hatsukami, 2006 ) .In the survey of Etter & A Perneger ( as cited in Bansal et al. , 2004 ) , a survey on about 500 tobacco users and former tobacco user s was conducted in order to place their attitudes toward the usage of nicotine medicines. From this survey, they found that many tobacco users were overturned to utilize nicotine medicines due to safety concern ( Bansal et al. , 2004 ) . From this survey, merely 16 per centum of them were agreed that nicotine medicines assist people in smoking surcease ( Bansal et al. , 2004 ) . Besides that, the survey besides revealed that those who had antecedently used nicotine medicines and those most interested to discontinue smoke in the hereafter have the highest cognition on nicotine medicines ( Bansal et al. , 2004 ) .Chapter 3Methodology3.1 IntroductionIn planing a cross sectional study on cognition of current tobacco users, former tobacco users and non tobacco users on smoking wellness hazards and smoking surcease, few sets of validated questionnaires had been adopted, modified and being distributed to respondents in two selected locations which are UiTM in Puncak Alam and Shah Alam.3.2 InstrumentPartially of the questionnaires was adopted from validated questionnaire in a survey entitled Are tobacco users adequately informed about the wellness hazards of smoke and medicative nicotine by Cummings et Al. ( 2004 ) . Besides that a validated questionnaire was besides adapted from a survey entitled Smoking and Nurses in New Zealand. ASH-KAN Aotearoa Appraisal of smoking history, cognition and attitudes of nurses in New Zealand by Wong et Al. ( 2007 ) and besides a validated questionnaire from a Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence by Heatherton et Al. ( 1991 ) . Some alterations had been done harmonizing to the suitableness of the subject, aim of the survey and smoke position.The questionnaire consists of four parts which cover demographic informations, smoke position, degree of nicotine dependance and cognition exponent. Knowledge index is divided into several countries which are smoking wellness hazards, content of coffin nail fume, safety of nicotine, low-tar an d filter coffin nails, additives contained in coffin nails and nicotine medicines. The four chief subdivisions had been chosen to be included into the questionnaires in order to carry through the aims of the survey as stated earlier.Table 3.1 Description of each portion in the questionnairePartDescriptionADemographic informationsBacillusSmoking positionCDegree of nicotine dependanceCalciferolKnowledge indexThe respondents cognition on several countries will be measuring utilizing multiple pick inquiries or near complete inquiries. Mostly of the inquiries in the questionnaire will be done utilizing multiple pick inquiries or stopping point ended inquiry in order to do respondents easier to reply the inquiries in the questionnaire. In the cognition indices, respondents have to take merely one correct reply for each statement. In the portion B and C of the questionnaire, merely current tobacco users have to reply it whereas in the portion A and D, all respondents are required to carry through the reply.3.3 Sample of surveyA convenient sampling will be conducted where it involved any of the pupils in UiTM Shah Alam and Puncak Alam Campus. The sample size intended for this survey is about 600 samples where 300 samples are from Shah Alam Campus and another 300 samples from Puncak Alam Campus.3.4 StandardsFurther divided into following sort3.4.1 Inclusion standards1. Students who are a current tobacco users.2. Students who are a former or an ex- tobacco users.3. Students who are make non smoke at all or none tobacco users.3.4.2 Exclusion standards1. Students who have household members or friends who are working in anicotine replacing drug companies or baccy companies.3.5 Data CollectionData will be collected from two selected UiTM campuses which are UiTM Shah Alam at Shah Alam, Selangor and UiTM Puncak Alam at Kuala Selangor, Selangor. The questionnaires will be distributed every bit in both campuses. alone the respondents will be asked to finish the questionnaire and engagement will be voluntary. All respondents will be given over a sufficient clip to reply every inquiry in the questionnaire. A pilot survey among friends will be done prior to questionnaire distribution.3.6 Data processing and statistical analysisIn the portion C of the questionnaire, the degree of current tobacco users dependence to nicotine will be define by hiting the responses given to each inquiry based on the marking that had been assigned in the Fagerstrom Test for Nicotine Dependence. In the portion D of the questionnaire, the cognition index for a each capable country will be define by hiting the responses given to each statement on that topic as either correct or incorrect or make non cognize and so ciphering the amount of right responses for all inquiries assigned to the index. Descriptive statistics, for cases such as simple per centum and agencies, will be used to mensurate the cognition of respondents on smoking wellness hazards and smoking surcease aids avai lable in Malaysia. The independent t-test and analysis of discrepancy ( ANOVA ) will be executing to find the difference in cognition tonss between different groups. A additive arrested development analyses will be utilizing to find the relationship among demographic, smoking position and degree of dependence with the different cognition indices. All statistical trials will be done utilizing SPSS package version 17.0. Microsoft Office that will be used is Microsoft Excel.

If I Would Be The President Of India

Many of us have some aspirations and wishes for our country that we desire to attain and some changes to bring about, but we feel that we have little say in getting those things done. This is because of our limited power as citizens of the country. Each of us has our rights and responsibilities as citizens of the country which we ought to remember and abide by. But privileges and power to bring amendments to the policies and laws in the country are held with the higher authorities uniform the President. There are galore(postnominal) problems that afflict the society today.Most of these require strict laws by the governance to bring about a considerable change. If I were the President of the country, I would have interpreted up the issues that adversely affect the society and our country. Increasing pollution levels, growing economic disparity, descending environment consciousness amongst the citizens are some of the major problems that devil me a lot among all the severe problems that our country faces. We may have seen progress and development in many areas and the socio-economic standards may have risen.However the unscrupulous acts like increased use of cars, deforestation to start industrial set ups and increasing wastage of natural resources and less greener surroundings are some of the problems that may look trivial to handle, but need stringent laws and firm steps to replenish the damage done so far. Being a president, I would like to implement policies that would use laws on deforestation and discourage large scale set ups from destroying green pastures beyond a limit by imposing heavy fines. I would aid setting up of recycling industries and fund state governments for the same.There would be strict laws to punish people doing any harm to environment by polluting it, throwing waste and bedclothes in open spaces and discourage use of non-renewable resources like petrol and crude oil by factories. Instead, more and more funds shall be directed tow ards develop electric cars or cars driven by water that go away reduce the dependency on petrol and similarly prevent pollution of the environment. Also I shall increase the prices of cigarettes in order to give yet another reason for people to quit smoking.It would be a great measure as it will help control the pollution levels to some extent and also promise better health and reduce the population of people suffering from chronic diseases. another(prenominal) attempt will be towards establishing friendly relations with neighboring countries and also enhance better trade without many constraints between the two countries. This will mark a better and cheaper supply of goods and scarcity of resources which are abundant in other countries can be made available to people of my country and valetudinarianism versa.Policies to provide better machines and sufficient financial assistance to the poor farmers will be implemented. This will help reduce the burden on farmers who are infra the pressure of providing subsidized farm products to the nation even at the cost of their own loss. They shall be able to provide cheaply produced goods and inflation rate could also be controlled. All my efforts would be initiated, keeping in mind the interest and the wellbeing of the people of my nation.

Qualities of a Good Nurse Essay

Qualities of a Good NurseIntroduction I was prompted to join take up because of several life experiences. I used to feel succorless when I saw one of my family members fall ill and I could not do anything to help them ease their agony. I would sit and get deep thought and wishes that I could help if solo I had appropriate training. I observed how the nurses were kind and sympathize with whenever any of my family members fell ill. I usually became compassionate since their agony could not be alleviated. I am happy to join nursing and cannot regret roughly of my decision. Nursing is more of a calling than just a mere c arer. The validation of this paper is to highlight the life experiences and desir fitted traits of a nurse. There are both good and worse experiences in nursing profession however, they never s bursterd me away from this profession. I am gradually learning and developing as an individual and become more enthusiastic about nursing profession every day. The satisfact ion I accrue everyday is overwhelming, since it feels great to help others in their time of need. The experiences I got when I saw my family members fall ill made me acknowledge that I wanted to be part of the nursing profession and that I had capacity to fit in nursing profession. I got struck with a feeling of fulfillment, purpose, knowing that I could touch someones life. I learnt a lot of things from the nurses who attended my mother when she was ill (Bluni, 2009). My experience with the nurses helped me to learn that listening skills and conference alongside care and comfort help the nurses to promote patients health mentally, physically and emotionally. The nurses attended my mother on a daily basis and honestly cared about her situation. The nurses were capable to communicate with other patients, doctors and the other workers effectively. Stellar nurses are able to follow instructions with minimum supervision and easiness in communicating with families and patients. A good n urse should be an advocate for their patients and predict their needs. Successful communication ability in nursing profession builds up high level of satisfaction while putting off medical misfortunes. Nurses should also listen keenly to orders from their doctors and make notes where necessary (Watson, 1898). I came to learn that nurses can work in various tasks, but they should also collaborate with fellow workers. Nurses cannot provide effective care to all patients without help from others, because some situations are hard to handle and random. For the nurses to provide effective operate to their patients, they require teamwork (Gokenbach, 2013). I realized that a good nurse should be compassionate. They should be concerned about the family and the patient who is undergoing pain. A great nurse should be empathetic by listening and understanding the challenges facing their patients. Finally, I learnt that a good nurse should be helpless. The nurse who was attending my mother coul d miss lunch to hold her hand. In other experiences, some nurses did extraordinary things for patients obviously because they were helpless (Bluni, 2009). In conclusion, life experiences with ailing family members provoked me to join nursing profession. I came to learn I had capacity to touch someones life, and this was only through nursing. There are several desirable traits of a stellar nurse that are compassionate, selfless, caring, excellent communication skills and self-awareness. These qualities help nurses to provide efficient services to their patients and be able to work as a team to accomplish their duties.References5 Things That Make a Good Nurse Great. (n.d.). NurseTogether.com. Retrieved September 10, 2014, from http//www.nursetogether.com/5-things-that-make-a-good-nurse-greatBluni, R. (2009). Inspired nurse. disconnection Breeze, FL Fire Starter Pub..Watson, F. S. (1898). On Some of the Qualities Necessary for Being a Good Nurse. The Boston Medical and Surgical Journ al, 138(10), 217-220.Source document

Ptlls 008 Roles, Responsibilities Essay

Important to define the terms prior to listing the entities which whitethorn impact on my work Legislative requirement A duty to act according to the law as defined in an cause of parliament and usu all toldy enforceable through the courts. Code of Practice A set of rules outlining how a person in a particular profession or station is expected to be support. Statutory Code of Practice A Code of Practice approved by Parliament and admissible as evidence in some(prenominal) legal action. The Children process (2004) Every Child Matters underpinned the Change For Children ripennda.The Act came into being following the death of Victoria Climbie. The Act is applicable to children and vulnerable adults up to the age of 25. Focused on five specific outcomes for children Be healthy Stay Safe Enjoy and touch Make a positive contribution Achieve economic well-being Protection of Children Act (1991) gave local authorities to investigates cases of child abuse. Safeguarding Vulnerable Gro ups Act (2006) introduced a vetting and barring service for those working with children and vulnerable adults. divine revelation and Barring Service (DBS) checks (previously CRB checks).Code of Professional Practice (2008) introduced by the Lifelong instruction Sector. The code is based on 7 behaviours expected of teachers. Copyright Designs and Patents Act (1988) relates to copying and adapting materials. The Data Protection (1998) relates to information held on people by others. Education and Skills Act (2008) aimed at increasing participation in learning. The Equality Act (2010) brought all the areas of discrimination race, sex, disability, race into one Act. The 2010 Act identifies 9 areas of discrimination.Freedom Of Information Act (2000) individuals can ask to see the information held on them health and Safety At Work (1974) imposes obligations on all to operate within a safe and healthy environment Human Rights Act (1998) basic rights for all The Further Education Teachers Qualifications (England) Regulations (2007) professional emplacement for teachers in FE and a qualification route GRAVELLS, A. (2012) Preparing To Teach In The Lifelong Learning Sector 1. 2 Analyse own responsibilities for promoting equality and valuing diversityThe definition of equality is to treat everybody equally, especially in terms of status, rights and opportunities. The 2010 Equality Act brought unitedly a number of different pieces of legislation which means it is unlawful to discriminate against people on the grounds of pay, sex, race and disability. Diversity means being alert that every person is unique, not only because of their visible differences such as race, age or disability, but also non visible differences, religion, social background, economic status or political beliefs.Inclusion is about being objective and looking beyond first impressions. Its about diversity and breaking down barriers, changing lives and promoting equality. Within my role its important for me to base my practice around the concepts of equality, diversity and inclusion and keep an open mind. Without an open mind I may not support all people equally to recognise their potential and achieve their aspirations. Discrimination could then be argued to have occurred as students would not have been treated equally.

Cebuano Dialect

Rationale The Cebuano wrangle is astray spoken in the Philippines. It is the primary lyric poem of approximately 15 million people living in the central part of the country. The Cebuano people have been using a single dialect but with disparate accent, pronunciation, meaning, and the way they deliver it. Cebuano is the language spoken in the provinces of Cebu, Negros Oriental, Bohol, Southern Leyte and Southern Masbate. The purpose of this study is to pit the variations and difference of our own Cebuano Dialect.Before the Spaniards and other Europeans came to the Visayas, there was no word or place called Cebu and no language was called Cebuano. There was a town named Sugbo and the Spaniards hispanized the name into Cebu and Cebuano to refer to the people and language spoken in Sugbo and side by side(p) areas has one dialect and that is Cebuano-Bisaya. Yet, we come into a point that the Language itself varies in different ways from grammar, pronunciation and its word meaning. TABLES AND FINDINGS Place Aloguinsan, Cebu. Southern Part of Cebu City) Respondents 2 young adults detectSaniel Gagarani age19 days aged(prenominal) Occupation Farmer Pila na homophile ka years nag uma? reply scarutlo na ka tuig ang milabay. Tagpila diay ang sako sa Humay? upshot Tagpira? Tag Otso sintos ang sako sa wala pa gi galling. Name Alferdo DumaguitAge 17 years oldOccupation Uneducated/Bystanders Ngano wala man ka ni tiwas pag skuela? coiffe Kay apiki man mi sa kwarta. Na paka plano mu balik pag skuela?Answer Naa pa, pero nag agad pa ko nga mahusay mi. 2 elderly Name Paterno MahinayAge32years old Occupation Farmer Dugay namo nag puyo dri dapita? Answer Oo, na libud na namo ang tibuok South og diri rami napahimutang. Kanus-a man mo nakabalik sa syudad? Answer Makadto ako Cebu hagbay na mga napulo na ka tuig milabay. Name Agustino Campana Age 52years old Occupation Barangay tanod. Dugay na ka nag tanod kuya? Answer Tiod-tiod na pud. Mao mani ako panginabuhi. Asa diay im o asawa kuya?Ana man ang mga tao single daw ka? Answer Maraot man og batasan, nag bulag mi. 2 students Name Haniel Paquibot Age 15 years old Occupation Student Ganahan ka mo skuela? Dili ka tapulan? Answer Makapoy lakaw padulong sa skuelahan. Unsa naman ka gradoha? Gwapa sad imo victor? Answer Grade 6, Mahusay ra. Maot ug batasan. Name Lemuel Rago Age 12 years old Occupation Student Nalingaw ka sa skuelahan? Answer Makapoy sige og surat makaturogon ko. Unsa man imo masulti sa imo maestro?Buotan? Gwapa? Answer Nakarugay ko. CONCLUSION Therefore, Cebuano refers primarily to the inhabitants of the Province of Cebu, their descendants, and to the language they speak. It refers to both the people and the language. No one argues with this definition. Secondarily, though there are some who disagree with this, Cebuano applies to all speakers of vernaculars mutually intelligible with the vernaculars of Cebu, disregarding of origin or location of the speakers, and their ancestry.However, wit h respect to the structure of the dialect. There are also words that stay fresh the /r/ in the aforementioned position yet are as popularly spoken without it. alone all in all, there is yet no standard for spoken Cebuano. Having a standard language is a matter of power, acceptability and extensive usage. In each of the respective territories of Cebuano, there is a dominant variety, those in their economic and educational centers. RECOMMENDATIONS

Influence of Nature and Nurture Developmental Research Essay

How many bald, six-foot-six, 250-pound volunteer firefighters in in the raw Jersey wear droopy mustaches, aviator-style eyeglasses, and a the limit of nature versus key ring on the rightfulness side of the belt? nurture. The answer is two Gerald Levey and Mark Newman. They are twins who were separated at birth. each(prenominal) twin did not even know 25. 2 Describe develop workforcetal the new(prenominal) existed until they were reunitedin a fire stationby a research techniques. fellow firefighter. . . The lives of the twins, although separate, took remarkably correspondent 25.Discuss prenatal paths. Levey went to college, poring over forestry Newman planned to development. study forestry in college but instead took a job trimming trees. . . . Both men are unmarried and find the same kind of woman attractive tall, slender, long hair. They share similar hobbies, enjoying hunting, fishing, going to the beach, and watching old John Wayne movies and professional wrestling. Both l ike Chinese food and sup the same brand of beer. learning outcomes 25. 1 Compare and contrastThe remarkable range of similarities we see in many pairs of identical twins raises one of the fundamental questions posed by developmental psychology, the study of the patterns of fruit and change that occur throughout life. The question is this How can we distinguish between the milieual causes of behavior (the influence of parents, siblings, family, friends, schooling, nutrition, and all the other experiences to which a child is exposed) and patrimonial causes (those based on the genetic makeup of an individualistic that influence growth and development throughout life)?This question embodies the naturenurture issue. In this context, nature refers to hereditary factors, and nurture to environmental influences. Although the question was first posed as a nature-versus-nurture issue, developmental psychologists today stop that both nature Gerald Levey and Mark Newman 282 Chapter 8 dev elopment and nurture interact to set out particular proposition developmental patterns and outDevelopmental psychology The comes. Consequently, the question has evolved into How and to what degree branch of psychology that studies the do environment and genetic endowment both produce their effects?No one grows up patterns of growth and change that free of environmental influences, nor does anyone develop without be occur throughout life. affected by his or her inherited genetic makeup. However, the debate over dispositionnurture issue The issue of the comparative influence of the two factors remains active, with different the degree to which environment and approaches and different theories of development emphasizing the environ- heredity influence behavior. ment or heredity to a greater or lesser degree (Pinker, 2002 Gottesman & Hanson, 2005 Rutter, 2006).For example, some developmental theories rely on basic psychological principles of learning and tense up the role learning hunts in producing changes in The naturenurture issue behavior in a developing child. Such theories emphasize the role of the enviis a key question that is ronment in development. In contrast, other developmental theories emphasize pervasive throughout the the influence of ones physiological makeup and function on development. field of psychology, asking Such theories stress the role of heredity and aturationthe unfolding of biohow and to what degree logically predetermined patterns of behaviorin producing developmental environment and heredity change. Maturation can be seen, for instance, in the development of sex characproduce their joint effects. teristics (such as breasts and body hair) that occurs at the start of adolescence. Despite their differences over theory, developmental psychologists concur on some points. They agree that genetic factors not only provide the potential for specific behaviors or traits to emerge, but also place limitations on the emergence of such behavi or or traits.For instance, heredity defines peoples general level of intelligence, setting an upper limit thatregardless of the quality of the environmentpeople cannot exceed. Heredity also places limits on physical abilities humans simply cannot run at a speed of 60 miles an hour, nor will they grow as tall as 10 feet, no weigh what the quality of their environment (Dodge, 2004 Pinker, 2004). Figure 1 lists some of the characteristics most affected by heredity. As you share these items, it is important to keep in mind that these characteristics are not entirely determined by heredity, for environmental factors also play a role.Developmental psychologists also agree that in most instances environmental factors play a critical role in enabling people to reach the potential capabilities that their genetic emphasise makes possible. If Albert Einstein had received no intellectual stimulation as a child and had not been direct to s tudy aler t Height Weight Obesity Tone of voice Phys ical Characteristics Blood pressing Tooth decay Athletic ability Firmness of handshake Age of death Activity level clever Characteristics

Laila McClaurin-Seamon

visualise4/17/18Activism is when a person campaigns and does whatever they can to make the community some them a better place. Activism is important because the militant are doing what they love while helping the community reservation a change in their community. Three teens that are activist are Liza Yaroshenko, Marley Dias and Malala Yousafzai.The first activist is Marley Dias, Marley started by finding the problem which was right in her school. When she was 11 she complained to her mother that all the she was reading was about white boys and dogs, she told her mom she didnt have the freedom to read what she wanted o.She launched a campaign called 1000blackgirlbooks in 2015, with the terminus to collect 1,000 books to donate for black girls.Her two friends Briana and Amina joined her campaign, and they started to be called BAM in social media. The campaign to a fault called public attention to the lack of diversity in childrens literature. They collected over 9,000 books. Many of these books have been send to a childrens book drive in Jamaica. The second activist is Liza Yaroshenko.She got started when she was just 15 geezerhood old. Last autumn President Viktor Yanukovych declared that tackling infectious diseases was a priority but the government allocated no funds in 2013 to fighting hepatitis and only 40% of the sum the president proposed for Aids and tuberculosis.Thats when Liza unconquerable to speak out.She speaks out on healthcare laws that hurt those affected by HIV and AIDS, as advantageously as general HIV awareness. Liza was six years old when she lost her mother to Aids. give care tens of thousands of Ukrainians, Lizas mother contracted HIV while injecting a cheap heroin substitute made of smooth poppy straw.In 2012, for the first time, there was a slight drop in the number of newly registered cases of HIV in Ukraine. And the last activist is Malala Yousafzai.Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani education advocate who, at the age of 17, beca me the youngest person to bring in the Nobel Peace Prize after surviving an assassination attempt by the Taliban. She was born on July 12, 1997. She survived and has move to speak out on the importance of education. In 2013, she gave a speech to the United Nations.Malala highlighted her focus on education and womens rights, urging world leaders to change their policies. Those teen activist are making a change in the world by giving books to little children or fighting for a bring around of a deadly disease or just fighting for the education of young girls and boys. They are split of teen activist in the world.

Natural Disaster Responses in California

For years, geologists dumbfound been predicting that a major earthquake go out occur in california. In october 1989, a 7.1 quake hit the san francisco ara. Five years later, northridge and southern california experienced an earthquake of similar magnitude. wherefore too many mint is salve coming to places like california where earthquakes and natural disasters are predicted? In my point of view, these are the strongest reasons the most popular place to emmigrate, job opportunities, and best(p) schools, education, and systems.California is the most popular place to emmigrate because it has a great weather, there are too many touristic atractions, many different places you tin can go to, and there is too many people that function under ones skin from the same place you came from. I exigency to use mexican people as an example, they all come for one reason, Succed. They also know they will find a lot of people from mexico in california, specially in los angeles.They also kow n that probably astir(predicate) half of the people california would talk spanish so I wont be really hard for them to communicate with others.Job opportunities is another really strong factor that induces people to come and look for a bankrupt life. There are so many jobs in california that is most a sure thing that anyone would get a job, educated or not educated people, or even if you are not legally able to work in usa you will muted get a job. You can easily support yourself with a minimun wage, because you will probably get or so 45 or 50 dollards a day when in places like mexico you will just get five dollards for the whole day and doing a really heavy job. Also relatively speaking, everything is expensive in mexico, I mean, here you can get or buy whatever you need for a upset price, and you will still have some money left, but in mexico, you will never have enough money unless you are in the high class.Schools, california has great schools, great education level, and better systems than other places. Ucla and usc are some of the great universities california has and if you think about it, everything is related, if you go to a wide-cut school and become a really educated person, you will get a really right job and make really good money and then you wont really business concern about a good future because with your education that wiil be garranty.Scientist, doctors, and some other educated people come to usa, not only to california because of all technology that is here and can be helpul. A lot of support from schools, people, and business are another reasons teat encourages you to keep going and get better everyday, and if one day you decide to go back to the place you came from your education will open a good deal of doors for you.In my personal point of view, I think some people are aware of the disasters that are predicted, some others dont care or just dont believe it, nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide the other part just come to make so me money and come back to their native places. It is a true fact that so many people is still coming to california and when you happen upon about those things that are predicted, Im sure you ask yourself why do people still come if they are aware of whatS going on? , well if you think about it Im sure you will come out with almoist the same answers I just told.

Acts of Kindness. Paper

Some bingle dragged a coin along the bonnet of a simple machine belonging to a fighter of tap. He took it to a smash repair comp each near his work for the scratch to be touched up. When he went to part up the car, he was surprised to be t of hop on(predicate) that there was no charge. A trivial overwhelmed by it either, my rec any dose menti unitaryd that if he ever had an casualty, he would bring his car to that establishment for repair. The bearer replied, Sir, I hope you never stimulate an accident. I concord make it my goal to do roughthing nice for somebody every twenty-four hours that I blistering.I find myself waking up distri moreoverively morning with natural and exci sterng ideas of things to do for new(prenominal)s, and the rewards tolerate been wonderful. The afterwardsnoon was cold and windy as I walked by the shopping centre of attention of my little suburb. A busker, perhaps in his late fifties, wearing clothes that had g unitary wholesome b eyond their use by date, play his guitar rather badly. Dont encourage him c all tolded a passer by as I dropped a coin into the box. I crossed the road and entered a shop where I made regular purchases. I discover the garter would occasionally look turn verboten of the window at the busker.She turned to me and asked, Would you mind the shop for a minute of arc? Surprised, I agreed, whereupon she took a pie from the warmer, ran across the road, and gave it to the busker. I de worldly concernd since learned that this was not an isolated example of her generosity. deep my son, who is a regular user of public transport, caught the bus situation from educate. Unfortunately he got on the misuse bus, exclusively instead of mediocre being told to grasp clear up and wait for an oppositewise bus to bring him home, the driver bandd me and say he would look after my son until he could be placed on the next bus home.I received a call from the second driver, confirming my son had been transferred to his bus. He alike told me the time my son would arrive home. Thank you to two of these men who took the extra effort to en received the caoutchouc arrival of my son. The other day I fell on my way okay from shopping. Fortunately all that was injured was my dignity, hardly I was touched by the actions of a passing motorist. When she saw me fall she halt her car and waited until I had stood up again. Seeing I was OK, she drove off.Once when working at the Department of fond Security, I was talking to a coughing client on the phone, so when I sent her the call for claim form, I enclosed a couple of anyens Butter Menthols in the envelope. She rang to thank me the following day, and said that my act had made her experience better than the cough lollies had It made me spirit pretty nifty, too. I fall in become involved in helping to run a small shop at a local aged peoples hostel. We sell at constitute items like biscuits, lollies, greeting cards, et c. , small luxuries that old folk cant get out and buy for themselves, and that are not provided by the people who run the hostel.Ive sight that some old people come into our shop, not to buy things, but simply to talk to soulfulness from the out array. This brings home the to me that some old family are conscionable dumped in places like these, and are seldom visited by their loved ones. I think it vital that they should be visited, and to be shown that soul shares. During the next teach holi eld I int dismiss to organize my 9-year-old granddaughter into the shop with me, as I feel both she and the old folks would mutually benefit from the interaction.I was talking to my doctor recently, and was amazed to learn her act of kindness for Australias National benignancy daytime last year was to treat all of her patients she saw on the day for free stand up in a long get hold at the post office, I over examined one of the staff guarantee a cleaning lady at the tabulator th at the parcel for her was heavy, and an awkward size. He invited her to go around to the side door where she could look at the parcel and decide what she wanted to do. A man in the queue up overheard the conver sit downion, and volunteered to drive the woman home with her parcel.The lights turned green at the pedestrian crossing and the traffic had just begun to move forward when a stooped elderly skirt, obviously unaware of the dont walk sign, stepped on to the crossing. The cars braked and waited patiently mend the woman slowly made her way across the road, oblivious of the kindness of the drivers. Four eld past on New Years Eve my husband had a serious hang-gliding accident and was airlifted off to intensive care in Melbourne. It was getting late at wickedness by the time I learnt the details of the accident and by then he was far away in a Melbourne hospital, but which one I knew not.We were camping at Mt Beauty and knew no one in the camping ground, and I had a busy 5-year -old, as well as being pregnant Our situation was made so some(prenominal) some(prenominal) bearable by the many acts of kindness from fellow campers. Money was given for the long withdrawnness phone calls to the hospitals, so I could find out where, and how, my husband was. Meanwhile dwells looked after our little son who was kept happy playing with their son. The next day, after an unsettled night, I began to prepare for the drive to Melbourne.Another neighbour rose early (and also woke his sons) to help me pack up the large tent and gear, and pack it all in the car. They even washed the car, and his wife prepared us a cut lunch non only that, she offered her home in Melbourne for as long as we assumeed, and asked if Id like her to accompany us on the drive down, and said she would catch the train back (I had never met this wonderful skirt before this day). The family minding our male nestling gave me their street directory with a line marking all the way to the hospital Id never driven to Melbourne before, so this was a great help.These two special(prenominal) families saw us off with hugs and best wishes and, I learnt ulterior, both phoned the hospital to see how my husband was. He recovered and is looking forward to more (accident free) flying, and I willing always remember these kind-hearted people who helped me so much (Our little boy, too he was so good during that time, I couldnt impart asked for more). When my youngest child started school I returned to teaching. I made it a rule to assess every child every day. The happy smiles they gave me were reward sufficient.Six years ago I was left to stand firm for myself when my husband left me for my so called friend. I was distressful, scared, but mostly lonely. by and by the news became common knowledge, one acquaintance of my husband began to ring me every evening at around 10. 30 pm to say, Goodnight and immortal bless. I finally asked him why he was doing this. His response was, I cant stand to think of you being altogether and sad without anyone to say goodnight to, so I want to do it while you are so sad. This was a wonderful act of kindness from a man I hardly knew, but it made me feel cared for and not so alone.This man kept up the goodnight greeting for three calendar months until I didnt sound or feel so sad, and then they s bring inped. Ive never seen or heard from him since, but I bless his loving heart often. My current mission is to promote the Kindness Revolution with all the young people I come in contact with, so far with success. The idea of being kind appeals to my two special little friends Amy and Jessie. Jessie sends me monthly reports of her kindness activities which are truly cute, especially the one well-nigh her 14 month old baby brother playing Barbies with her.Jessie considers this brother less definitive than a worm normally. I would love to tell you of a kind act I had the opportunity to participate in, because of a pie-eyed feeling to help someone, who was not in a position to help themselves. A lovely dame in her nineties is a very good friend of my daughters Godmother. I made a wintertime basket for her with all sorts of goodies, including a warm hat for the winter. It was much(prenominal) a pleasure to receive her phone call, she was so thrilled. I went to a streak shop recently and was waiting to be served. There was this little old lady being served, she was asking the price of this and that.I told the man who served me that I would pay for the ladys choice. He whispered this to the sales woman, and I paid for mine and hers. However, she wasnt finished, and ordered a large apple pie as well oops The man raised his eyebrows at me, I vox populi for a brief moment and nodded my head what the heck When I was given my change I got out of there as fast as I could, as I didnt want to get sprung. I wonder if people going near their normal duties have they can brighten up someones day. My childre ns favourite day is Friday rubbish bin day.As soon as they hear the truck they race to the door to watch. When the driver waves to them it always brings a big smile to their faces. The wave doesnt cost him anything, but it means so much to them. Thank you to all the people who take the time to smile or greet others while doing their job. Doing my normal Saturday morning shopping, I was attracted by the sound of a flute. mould my gaze around I spied a man of about 50 standing on a nearby corner. As I walked closer there was something about him that caused me to think I should donate more than the usual one or two dollars.I walked up to him and stuffed a five dollar note into the top pocket of his coat. He stopped playing and said, Thank you very much, thats very kind of you. As I walked away he began playing again, this tune was firmly more up tempo than the previous one. After many years as a city dweller, the opportunity came to move to a small town. Without having any job pro spects, I decided to make the move. I hadnt been there very long when I mentioned to someone that I was going to buy a can plant when I had the currency, and put it on the face up porch of the sign of the zodiac I was living in.The next day, much to my surprise and delight, I found a pot plant on the front porch It is so lovely to be away from the meanness and bustle of the city, to be in a place where people have the time to talk, to be sympathetic and respond to peoples needs. Im sure all Australians are like that, its just that the pressure to perform is so much greater in the city, and we seem to be sucked into the rat race all too easily. One of my friends in Melbourne suffers from an unpleasant illness which robs her of expertness and leaves her severely depressed. Despite this, her capacity for appreciation has been highly developed.She asked me to share this example of kindness with you, a monitor that small actions can make a big difference to a mortals day. My frien d was seeking some refreshment but was deterred by the crowded cafe. Summoning courage a second time she entered the cafe, but felt daunted by the deficiency of available space. A man seated with a friend quickly perceived my friends dilemma, and carried a chair to a table without seating, so she could sit down. My friend was greatly touched by the mans awareness and swift response. She was able to enjoy a coffee and no distrust her faith in human kindness was strengthened.My husband and I have a dilly-dally at our local market selling fruit, flowers and plants. During the week I look around a couple of Op Shops and plop up the odd Teddy or toy, which we take along to the market. When an irritable child comes along with a stressed mother, we give the child a toy and distract them for a while in conversation. Its jolly how the child shuts up, and it brings a smile to the mothers face. I was standing in a long queue at Coles Supermarket. The woman in front of me approached the r eturn out with three items milk, bread and margarine. She paused as she hunted through and through her purse and pockets for money. I definitely had $5 here she kept saying out loud to her husband, who save scowled at her and walked off, leaving her with two little kids. In desperation, she tipped the whole contents of her bag onto the counter and looked through it. Meanwhile, I was getting unfeignedly upset for this young mother. I looked in my purse and decided I would have enough to pay my groceries and have $10 left over. So I just gifted her $5 and said, There you are, have a nice day, and dont forget to pass it on. I dont need to tell you how she reacted, and I thought she was going to kiss my feet.Out of sheer embarrassment I said, Go on, get out of here and have a lovely day. The next thing I know the note out lady is handing me a bag generous of free magazines and muesli bars. Here, she said. Im astounded and so touched by what you did. Never in all my years have I seen anyone do that before. We have a stall at the markets on Sundays, selling flowers. We look for people in wheelchairs or the elderly, also mums that look really unhappy, and we hand them a bunch of flowers for free its wonderful to see their reaction. Only two people have ever refused to take them.A friend of mine was told he had cancer of the liver and had only a hardly a(prenominal) weeks to live. I called on him and he was looking pretty crook, so I phoned for an ambulance to take him to hospital. At home I tried to think of our past conversations about his son, and where he lived. I remembered it was somewhere near Campbelltown in N. S. W. I dialled the slattern and gave her the name I wanted, explaining my difficulties. I said, Just give me anyone with that name and Ill try my luck. I was told there was no one with that name in Campbelltown, but she said there was one in Picton. OK, Ill try that, and the computer gave me the number. I dialled the number straight away. A woman answered and I asked her if her husbands name was Kevin. It was, and I told her to tell him to get to Bundaberg ASAP, as his dad was sick and needed him. Kevin rang twenty minutes later, and said he would catch the next available p passageway. Im so glad he did, because 48 hours later, on Valentines Day, his dad died. I feel so good that Kevin was able to talk to his dad and hold his hand and say goodbye, and I feel even better that my friend died happy and loved.Was it just a coincidence that the operator looked in another area for the number I wonder? Someone phoned recently and told me the following story. Many years ago a child was reprimanded severely by her parents for something she had done. The little little girl (lets call her Emma) was distraught, and was found cast down the street, crying, by someone who lived near by. When the woman heard Emmas story, she considered that the punishment had been excessive, and out of sympathy took Emma to a shop and bought her an ice cream. This was a rare treat for Emma, as her family was destitute and there was no money available for ice cream.Emma maintained contact with the woman over the ensuing years, but this was lost when Emma was of an age where she was able to leave home. Years later, when Emma was in her mid thirties, she chose to visit a nursing home in the hope of being able to bring some cheer to the residents. Much to her surprise and delight, Emma discovered one of the residents, now old and lonely, was the kind woman who bought her the ice cream. Emma became a regular visitor, and spent many hours manner of speaking comfort and friendship to the old woman, until she passed away.Emma told the story to a mourner at the funeral, who in turn told it to the person who rang me. When I was fifteen, a man kidnapped me, attacked me and tried to take my life. I end up with a bust back and serious internal injuries. My family was fractured and were not supportive, but the kindness of strangers sa w me through. A lady held my hand one night, and cried over me. The nurses wept, and cheered when I took my first steps months after my back was broken. A nurse called Tony made me laugh and took me out to the gardens, where we would talk for ages. A priest sat by my bedside at five oclock each morning.Then Tommy came into my life and showered me with kindness. These special acts and special people are never forgotten, and the memory of their kindness is conjured up, and is as new as freshly-baked bread. Sometimes we feel helpless, and wonder what we can do to help. While we may not have much money, time or resources, the simplest acts are often the most powerful As a post script, the Tommy she speaks about later became her husband. This week I suffered a home invasion. A bloke pulled off my security projection screen and smashed a large glass window in the middle of the night while I was at home in bed.I was lucky that only an empty handbag was stolen and that I wasnt bashed. The response from friends has been incredible. I am President of a 50+ Leisure Club, which has in excess of 100 members. Many of them have either rung me to make sure I am OK, or have passed messages of goodwill through other friends. Some have visited me, bringing gifts of flowers and Lotto tickets and (most important) hugs. One or two have offered me a bed for a some nights until Ive got over the initial trauma, while others have offered to come and stay the night to give me a feeling of security.I have been given silent phone numbers, with instructions to ring any time, day or night, if I need to talk. Two people have even offered to give me a dog to deter intruders. I have received supportive emails and advice on how to better secure my home. All this wonderful kindness has touched my heart. How on earth can I say thank you? It seems such a hackneyed phrase for a very sincere feeling of gratitude. If friends were wealth, Id be very generous indeed. I was waiting with a patient to see her Oncologist. A man walked by and offered us a drinking chocolate each and we thanked him for his kind gesture.A few minutes later, he was called into the doctors room, came out, and then it was our turn. The Oncologist then offered us chocolates, on behalf of his patient whom, he informed us, buys 12 chocolates every day and offers them to 12 people so that he can make 12 people happy, and be happier himself 12 times more I am writing to you regarding an act of huge kindness toward me and my children that I considered worth sharing with you. I am a sole parent of three children aged 7 years, 4 years, and 10 months. My first partner died a few years ago, and the father of my youngest has gone his separate way.A couple of weeks ago I was unfortunate enough to get pulled over by the police doing roadside vehicle obstructs, on the way to school to fragmentize up my children. The result was a yellow sticker for faults with my old but faithful Commodore. This presented a major task for me as the car is an absolute necessity, and finances as a single parent dont allow for unforseen emergencies. I was very distressed by the whole situation. In steps my friend Jennifer, and her husband Paul, with an offer of assistance. They ended up spending the whole weekend working on my car.Paul then requested half a day off work on Monday to ensure the work was completed before the vehicle test that day. Another act of kindness by Pauls boss, who was made aware of the situation and allowed him time off. As a result, my car went through the inspection with only minor things to rectify. And of course, Paul again helped with these. Further to this, some other very kind friends of mine, Caroline and Denver, gave hours of their time to work on the car. And while they were there they also pruned all of my big trees and took a trailer load of rubbish to the tip.The happy ending to this long story is that these wonderful people turned around a seemingly impossible situation. T he sticker has been removed and the car is starting time to look like new. The other day I was in a busy shopping centre car park with little room to manoeuvre large vehicles, when I saw a lady getting flustered trying to reverse her large tank of a car out of its parking spot, without much success, and a queue of cars waiting for her. I stood in the middle of the car park and it took a while, but with me directing her, she eventually got out and was most grateful.It turned a tense situation into one we had a laugh about and thats what life is all about. And in closing, one of the many gems I try to live by Happiness does not come from what you have, but from what you are. I was in a supermarket recently, and an elderly man had bumped a vein in the back of his hand and it was bleeding. He said, Oh, how silly of me, and got his hanky out and blotted it. I was standing nearby, and stood there ruthately. He went on his way and came back a few minutes later with a packet of band aid s.He asked me whether I could put one on his hand for him, which I did after it had stopped bleeding. He thanked me and went on his way. I smiled for the rest of the day, with joy in my heart. A friend of mine told me a story that recently took place at Woolies. She had noticed that the man behind her in the queue had only a few items in his shopping basket, and he seemed to be in a stimulate so she let him go before her. He was so touched that he bought her a chocolate bar from the display at the check out, and thanked her. She said that she and the check-out operator just smiled at each other in disbelief.Last October, we had to have our 16? year old much loved family dog put to peacefulness by our vet, who had cared for Mindy for most of her life. The week following, the vet sent me a lovely letter saying how sad we must have felt at our loss, and thanking us for our care of Mindy. I really appreciated this letter. The other week I was in one of those bargain shops. I saw a pl astic shoot down which I thought would come in handy to keep some documents in. The girl at the check out counter said they were good, and she would like to get one for school (she was working in the school holidays).She said she didnt have the money at that time and would get it later. I thought there major power not be any left later, so I bought her one. She was so pleased, and it was her birthday in a few days. It made me feel glad that I could help her. As I was waiting in the supermarket queue, I noticed the man in front of me had three tins of meat and vegetables, and I thought that they were in all likelihood were his next three meals. When the tins were scanned he presented a credit card and asked for $10 in cash. I thought that $10 was a small amount to ask for, and guessed he didnt have much money.The card was scanned some(prenominal) times, but the message Refer to card holder kept on appearing. The man, obviously embarrassed, told the girl hed have to leave the tins . I told the person I would pay the six dollars and something, and the poor man, now highly embarrassed, mumbled a thank you and rushed away with his tins. In 1983, the Ash Wednesday bushfires destroyed homes in Mt Macedon, Victoria. My chiropractor came from Melbourne to Woodend (to our place), with his car prankish to the brim with goods for the unfortunate people who lost everything.He and his wife were the only ones who bothered to come visit us, who cared enough. Our house was filthy, but still standing. Four years ago my son was left with two kids (one just a baby), one teddy bear, and his car, plus all the outgrown kids clothes, which were absolutely useless to him (his wife refused to let the kids have their toys or their clothes). A friend from my school days arrived with a car load of kids clothes, books and toys for Steves kids. My friend had spent every cent shed earned that week (coaching) on the kids. It didnt finish thereShe also gave Steve a single bed, cupboards, a bike, etc. The trailer was overflowing and so was the station wagon. I was in tears. There was an old lady in the supermarket queue in front of me. She had a tomato and a few other vegetables, and a tin of ham. When the value of the goods was totalled, she looked in her purse and told the check out person she didnt have enough money. The check out person said, loudly and rather rudely I thought, Well, which ones can you afford to pay for? The woman opted to leave the ham. I was tempted to pay for the ham, but didnt have the cash to hand over.I put my purchases through, trying to think the girl to move quickly before the woman had disappeared, and when I presented my credit card, told the girl I would pay for the tin of ham she had put to one side. Why would you do that? she asked. Because it was probably for her next meal I replied. I ran out of the supermarket and fortunately she wasnt too far away. I caught up with her and gave her the tin of ham. Whats this? she asked. Its y ours I replied. But I cant pay for it she said. You dont have to I said, and hurried off, leaving her standing there staring at the tin.When I drove away she was still standing there, staring at the tin. I was driving along in the left hand lane when at the last minute realised it led only onto the freeway. The lane next to me started to fill up with cars stopping for a red traffic light. There was a car behind me so I couldnt go anywhere. Just then two cars in the lane beside me change to let me in, when they realised I was in the wrong lane. That just made my day My youngest son (I am now a sole parent) and I were standing at the local supermarket check-out recently with a full trolley. I noticed an elderly man behind me with only a few items, so I told him to go first.He was very appreciative. After he had paid for his things he walked away, only to return a few minutes later with a beautiful bunch of pink carnations. He gave them to me and said, Thank you. Youve taught me to be giving. I was stunned, as was the checkout girl. My son was so impressed he said to me, You should marry that man. What a pleasing gesture As a teenager I had a very bad time, lots of misuse and things like that. One day I decided that Id had enough, and I was on my way to hurl myself off the bridge and into oblivion. As I was walking I was sort of in a dream, not really aware of anything, but a voice lifted me out of the fog.There was an old man smiling at me, a gentleman, as hed been wearing a hat and he had removed it and was holding it in one hand above his head, like you see people do in some old movies. I said something like, What? , and he said to me, Its a lovely day dont you think? I said I suppose it was, and he put his hat back on and walked away. I watched this small elderly man with a sprightly step walk down the path for what seemed like hours, and I finally sat down on a bench nearby. Yes, it was a lovely day, I thought, and why was I thinking of taking my lif e on such a lovely day?I moved out of home as soon as I had finished school, got a job as a waitress and did a secretarial course part time. After completing the course I worked for a small manufacturing company as a secretary, married my boss, and we have three lovely daughters. That incident happened about 15 years ago, yet it is still so vivid in my mind. I remember every word that stranger said to me, and those soft blue eyeball of his. I think of him as my withstander angel, who took on human form to save my life. I was on a teaching prac. recently, teaching a 4/5 class. I told them about the 12 Days of Kindness and they thought it was really cool.Anyway, for Childrens Day I organised an activity where each child wrote his/her name on a piece of fresh paper. All the papers were laid out on the table, with the name facing upwards. Then each child (and the teachers too) went around, turned over the paper and wrote a nice thing about each child. At the end of ten minutes, the c hildren each had a piece of paper filled with compliments. They were so excited to read them, but I collected them to hand out the next day (I wanted to read them first, and add my own message to each one). The next day I handed them out.The atmosphere in the room was amazing, as it was the previous afternoon when they were writing down the compliments. Before they left the room, I told them that Sunday was My Day and that its important to give yourself compliments, so they each had to write down one nice thing about themselves. self-importance esteem is so vital, and it has to be fostered when young I work as a checkout operator at a large chain supermarket, which is a job that leaves me feeling quite anonymous at times. However, I always make an effort to be cheerful and greet all my customers with a smile and a pleasant How are you? , which, I can assure you, isnt always easy some days Recently, I had an enjoyable experience serving a very friendly, bubbly lady who smiled right b ack at me and engaged in pleasant chitchat the whole time I was serving her. As many people simply ignore my efforts of friendliness, this was a lovely experience in itself. However, this lovely lady, unbeknownst to me, then went on to see the manager solely for the purpose of complimenting me on my service and thanking him for employing such a friendly member of staff. The manager then bought me a box of chocolates as a thank you for my efforts.Well, as you can imagine, I was truly touched by this gesture, both from the customer and the manager. It really made me feel valued and loved, and I still feel teary when I think about it. It really doesnt take much to make someone feel so wonderful. I went into the situate today to draw out cash to tide me over the next two weeks. There was a woman at the fibber next to me and I overheard snatches of the conversation between her and the teller. There was talk about her having a food verifier from Vinnies, and the teller informing her th at her account was already overdrawn, so she couldnt withdraw any further funds.It seemed she was a visitor to Sydney, and would be going home in a couple of days. She asked the teller if there was someone else in the bank she could talk to about withdrawing money, but naturally was advised that there was nothing that could be done, bank policy and all that. I pulled one of my precious $50 notes I had just been given, said, Happy Christmas as I placed it in front of her on the counter, and walked out of the bank. I then went to a cake shop across the road and just happened to glance through the glass door as she walked past. Our eyes met, she paused and mouthed a Thank you before hurrying off.There are times when life is good, and we need to cherish those moments, as their memories can surely help us through the not-so-good times. I recently had an operation on my thole for a damaged ligament. In my conversation with the anaesthetist prior to the operation, he said he noticed tha t the operation was self funded, and asked me about it. I told him that years ago Id dropped out of the medical benefits system because of lack of money. He then asked whether payment would be a problem, and I said that it would be nice if I could pay the $500 fee in several smaller payments rather than in a splashiness sum.He squeezed my hand and said he would see what he could do. When I received his invoice after the operation, I was delighted to see that the $500 had been reduced to $380 We hear stories about people being ripped off by medical services, but it is nice to know there are doctors out there who have compassion and kindness. In a post-op discussion I had with the surgeon, he said that when the ligament had healed he would tell me about a natural remedy that would help prevent the problem